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<title lang=en>Marine Protected Area Networks: Assessing Whether the Whole Is Greater than the Sum of Its Parts</title>
<creator>Grorud-Colvert, Kirsten</creator>
<creator>Claudet, Joachim</creator>
<creator>Tissot, Brian N.</creator>
<creator>Caselle, Jennifer E.</creator>
<creator>Carr, Mark H.</creator>
<creator>Day, Jon C.</creator>
<creator>Friedlander, Alan M.</creator>
<creator>Lester, Sarah E.</creator>
<creator>Loma, Thierry Lison de</creator>
<creator>Malone, Daniel</creator>
<creator>Walsh, William J.</creator>
<contributor>Department of Integrative Biology ; University of Oregon</contributor>
<contributor>Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL) ; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS) - École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) - Université de la Réunion (UR) - Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF) - Université de Nouvelle Calédonie - Institut d'écologie et environnement</contributor>
<contributor>Humboldt State University Marine Laboratory (HSU Marine Lab) ; Humboldt State University (HSU)</contributor>
<contributor>Marine Science Institute ; University of California</contributor>
<contributor>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (University of California Santa Cruz) ; University of California [Santa Cruz] (UCSC)</contributor>
<contributor>Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA)</contributor>
<contributor>Department of Biology ; University of Hawaii at Manoa (UHM)</contributor>
<contributor>Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE) ; Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD) - École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Institute of Marine Sciences ; University of California</contributor>
<contributor>Division of Aquatic Resources ; State of Hawaii</contributor>
<description>International audience</description>
<source>ISSN: 1932-6203</source>
<source>PLoS ONE</source>
<publisher>Public Library of Science</publisher>
<identifier>hal-01341695</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01341695</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01341695/document</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01341695/file/journal.pone.0102298.PDF</identifier>
<source>https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01341695</source>
<source>PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2014, 〈10.1371/journal.pone.0102298〉</source>
<identifier>DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0102298</identifier>
<relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0102298</relation>
<language>en</language>
<subject lang=en>Marine ecosystems</subject>
<subject lang=en>Marine fish</subject>
<subject lang=en>Marine ecology</subject>
<subject lang=en>Conservation science</subject>
<subject lang=en>Marine conservation</subject>
<subject lang=en>Marine monitoring</subject>
<subject lang=en>Ecological economics</subject>
<subject lang=en>Marine biology</subject>
<subject>[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment</subject>
<subject>[SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering</subject>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<type>Journal articles</type>
<description lang=en>Anthropogenic impacts are increasingly affecting the world's oceans. Networks of marine protected areas (MPAs) provide an option for increasing the ecological and economic benefits often provided by single MPAs. It is vital to empirically assess the effects of MPA networks and to prioritize the monitoring data necessary to explain those effects. We summarize the types of MPA networks based on their intended management outcomes and illustrate a framework for evaluating whether a connectivity network is providing an outcome greater than the sum of individual MPA effects. We use an analysis of an MPA network in Hawai'i to compare networked MPAs to non-networked MPAs to demonstrate results consistent with a network effect. We assert that planning processes for MPA networks should identify their intended outcomes while also employing coupled field monitoring-simulation modeling approaches, a powerful way to prioritize the most relevant monitoring data for empirically assessing MPA network performance.</description>
<rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/</rights>
<date>2014-08-01</date>
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