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<title lang=en>Identification of sources of lead exposure in French children by lead isotope analysis: A cross-sectional study.</title>
<creator>Oulhote, Youssef</creator>
<creator>Bot, Barbara, </creator>
<creator>Poupon, Joel</creator>
<creator>Lucas, Jean-Paul</creator>
<creator>Mandin, Corinne</creator>
<creator>Etchevers, Anne</creator>
<creator>Zmirou-Navier, Denis</creator>
<creator>Glorennec, Philippe</creator>
<contributor>Institut de recherche, santé, environnement et travail [Rennes] (Irset) ; Université d'Angers (UA) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - Université de Rennes 1 (UR1) - École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )</contributor>
<contributor>Laboratoire d'étude et de recherche en environnement et santé (LERES) ; École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)</contributor>
<contributor>Laboratoire de toxicologie ; Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - Hôpital Lariboisière</contributor>
<contributor>Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB) ; Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)</contributor>
<contributor>Biostatistique, Recherche Clinique et Mesures Subjectives en Santé ; Université de Nantes (UN)</contributor>
<contributor>Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS) ; Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)</contributor>
<contributor>The authors are grateful to the ministries in charge of construction and health as well as to French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES) for their financial support.</contributor>
<description>International audience</description>
<source>ISSN: 1476-069X</source>
<source>Environmental Health</source>
<publisher>BioMed Central</publisher>
<identifier>inserm-00624817</identifier>
<identifier>http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00624817</identifier>
<identifier>http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00624817/document</identifier>
<identifier>http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00624817/file/1476-069X-10-75.pdf</identifier>
<source>http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00624817</source>
<source>Environmental Health, BioMed Central, 2011, 10 (1), pp.75. 〈10.1186/1476-069X-10-75〉</source>
<identifier>DOI : 10.1186/1476-069X-10-75</identifier>
<relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1186/1476-069X-10-75</relation>
<identifier>PUBMED : 21871122</identifier>
<relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/21871122</relation>
<language>en</language>
<subject>[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie</subject>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<type>Journal articles</type>
<description lang=en>ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The amount of lead in the environment has decreased significantly in recent years, and so did exposure. However, there is no known safe exposure level and, therefore, the exposure of children to lead, although low, remains a major public health issue. With the lower levels of exposure, it is becoming more difficult to identify lead sources and new approaches may be required for preventive action. This study assessed the usefulness of lead isotope ratios for identifying sources of lead using data from a nationwide sample of French children aged from six months to six years with blood lead levels (B-Pb) [greater than or equal to] 25 ug/L. METHODS: Blood samples were taken from 125 children, representing about 600,000 French children; environmental samples were taken from their homes and personal information was collected. Lead isotope ratios were determined using quadrupole ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry) and the isotopic signatures of potential sources of exposure were matched with those of blood in order to identify the most likely sources. RESULTS: In addition to the interpretation of lead concentrations, lead isotope ratios were potentially of use for 57% of children aged from six months to six years with blood lead level [greater than or equal to] 25 ug/L (7% of overall children in France, about 332,000 children), with at least one potential source of lead and sufficiently well discriminated lead isotope ratios. Lead isotope ratios revealed a single suspected source of exposure for 32% of the subjects and were able to eliminate at least one unlikely source of exposure for 30% of the children. CONCLUSIONS: In France, lead isotope ratios could provide valuable additional information in about a third of routine environmental investigations.</description>
<date>2011-08-28</date>
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