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<datestamp>2018-01-11</datestamp>
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<title lang=en>Interdependency of plants and animals in controlling the sodium balance of ecosystems and the impacts of global defaunation</title>
<creator>Doughty, Christopher E.</creator>
<creator>Wolf, Adam</creator>
<creator>Baraloto, Christopher</creator>
<creator>Malhi, Yadvinder</creator>
<contributor>Environmental Change Inst., School of Geography and the Environment ; University of Oxford</contributor>
<contributor>Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology ; Princeton University</contributor>
<contributor>Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD) - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG) - AgroParisTech - Université de Guyane (UG) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)</contributor>
<contributor>Jackson Foundation ; ERC Advanced Investigator grant ; John Fell Fund ; Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (BRIDGE) ; Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR-Biodiversite program) ; Agence Nationale pour la Recherche ('Investissement d'Avenir' CEBA) [ANR-10-LABX-25-01]</contributor>
<source>ISSN: 0906-7590</source>
<source>EISSN: 1600-0587</source>
<source>Ecography</source>
<publisher>Wiley</publisher>
<identifier>hal-01531615</identifier>
<identifier>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01531615</identifier>
<source>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01531615</source>
<source>Ecography, Wiley, 2016, 39 (2), pp.204 - 212. 〈10.1111/ecog.01589〉</source>
<identifier>PRODINRA : 349612</identifier>
<identifier>DOI : 10.1111/ecog.01589</identifier>
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<language>en</language>
<subject>[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]</subject>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<type>Journal articles</type>
<description lang=en>Sodium, an element which is needed by animals but often toxic in high concentrations to plants, may be deficient and limit animal abundance in inland continental regions, but may be overabundant and limit plant productivity in coastal regions. Here we present data from 50 independent plots (including leaf data from more than 2480 individual trees) showing that leaves in the Amazon basin uptake high amounts of sodium (Na) in a manner more similar to the essential cation potassium (K) than to the toxic cation aluminium (Al). Leaf Na increases linearly with soil Na concentrations, and there is no apparent mechanism for selective exclusion of Na in comparison to K, a key attribute of halophytes. This indicates that the Amazon basin is broadly non-halophytic and increased sodium concentrations in non-halophyte plants often decrease plant productivity. Total Na concentrations are approximate to 10 times higher in coastal regions than inland regions. Such concentration gradients in nutrients may have been reduced in the past because large animals that were abundant in the Pleistocene have been hypothesized to play a large role in reducing nutrient concentration gradients at continental scales. We use a diffusion model and a Na loss rate based on empirical data to estimate that large animals may have moved significant quantities of Na inland away from coastal regions in the Amazon Basin. Therefore, our simple model suggests that large animals may play an important, yet diminishing, role in maintaining the sodium balance of the planet.</description>
<date>2016</date>
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